Driving Decarbonization: Aging Infrastructure of K-12 Schools

Updating existing infrastructure is a critical element as we work to decarbonize the built environment with sustainable building methods. The aging infrastructure of K-12 schools in the United States presents a significant opportunity to implement sustainable architecture and energy efficiency improvements to reduce carbon emissions and improve learning environments. By prioritizing the decarbonization of our buildings and retrofitting aging infrastructure, we can engineer cost-effective, sustainable buildings that enhance indoor and outdoor environments, fostering a greener future for our K-12 schools.

This blog explores the importance of decarbonization, its role in aging buildings, and specific strategies for decarbonizing K-12 school infrastructure.

The Role of Sustainable Architecture in Decarbonization of K-12 Schools

Benefits of Decarbonization of K-12 Schools

K-12 schools in the U.S. often rely on outdated infrastructure that is energy inefficient and environmentally taxing. It is estimated that public schools in the United States spend $8 billion in energy bills, and that as much as 30% of that energy is wasted. Decarbonizing these buildings can significantly reduce emissions, lower operating costs, and create healthier learning environments for students. Addressing the carbon intensity of schools is not just a climate imperative but also an investment in the future of education.

Decarbonization Solutions in K-12 Schools

Implementing decarbonization solutions in K-12 schools involves:

• Energy-efficient building designs: Incorporating insulation, energy-efficient windows, improved air ventilation, green spaces, community learning/study spaces, LEF lighting, windows for outdoor connection, and advanced HVAC systems that reduce energy consumption. ‍
• Clean energy sources: Utilizing solar panels, geothermal technology, and energy storage systems to provide clean energy. ‍
• Innovative materials: Using low-emission building materials to reduce embodied carbon.

These solutions are not only cost-effective but also contribute to long-term sustainability. For example, integrating energy-efficient HVAC systems can drastically cut down heating and cooling costs, making schools more sustainable and financially viable.

Steps Principals, School Boards, and Building Owners Can Take Toward Improving Schools

Improving the infrastructure and sustainability of schools requires coordinated efforts from principals, school boards, the public, and building designers. Here are five crucial steps they can take:

• Conduct Energy Audits: Regularly assess the energy consumption of school buildings to identify areas where efficiency can be improved and to establish a baseline for future improvements. ‍
• Implement Energy Efficiency Measures: Upgrade lighting systems to LEDs, improve insulation, and install energy-efficient windows and HVAC systems to reduce energy consumption and enhance the learning environment. ‍
• Invest in Renewable Energy Sources: Incorporate solar panels or geothermal systems to generate clean energy on-site, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering utility costs. ‍
• Apply for Grants and Financing: Seek out energy efficiency grants and financing options to fund sustainable projects, making it financially viable to undertake significant improvements without straining budgets. ‍
• Engage the Community: Involve teachers, students, and parents in sustainability initiatives by creating programs and activities that promote environmental awareness and encourage the adoption of green practices in everyday school life.

Case Studies of Sustainable Architecture

Retrofitting Aging and Historical Buildings

Retrofitting aging and historical buildings for decarbonization presents unique challenges and opportunities. These buildings, which hold cultural and architectural significance, often require a delicate balance between preservation and modernization. Integrating sustainable technologies while maintaining their integrity is crucial. Ensuring compliance with both historical preservation standards and modern energy codes adds to the complexity.  

However, these efforts open possibilities for renewable energy integration, financial incentives, and community engagement, ultimately transforming these structures into sustainable, energy-efficient buildings that enhance their value and functionality.

• Balancing Preservation and Modernization: Maintaining architectural integrity while integrating modern, sustainable technologies and design is crucial. ‍
• Regulatory Compliance: Ensuring retrofits meet both historical preservation standards and modern energy codes is essential. ‍
• Complex Planning: Navigating these complexities requires careful planning and collaboration with preservation authorities.

Despite these challenges, there are numerous opportunities in retrofitting historical buildings:

• Renewable Energy Integration: Adding solar panels and energy storage systems can provide clean energy without altering the building’s historic appearance. ‍
• Financial Incentives: Utilizing grants, tax breaks, and funding specifically for historical buildings can offset retrofit costs. ‍
• Community Engagement: Involving the community can garner support and ensure project success. ‍
• Sustainable Transformation: These opportunities can lead to sustainable and energy-efficient historical buildings when addressed with a multi-faceted approach. ‍
• Improved Learning Environments: Enhanced indoor air quality, natural lighting, and thermal comfort contribute to better learning outcomes and well-being.

Why Many K-12 Schools Don't Retrofit

Retrofitting K-12 schools can be a challenging endeavor due to various factors. These challenges often hinder the implementation of energy-efficient and sustainable upgrades. Key obstacles include:

• Budget Constraints: Limited funding for retrofitting projects. ‍
• Disruption to Learning: Potential interruptions to school activities and schedules. ‍
• Aging Infrastructure: Difficulty in upgrading old and deteriorating building systems. ‍
• Regulatory Hurdles: Navigating complex regulations and compliance requirements. ‍
• Lack of Expertise: Insufficient technical knowledge and resources for effective retrofitting. ‍
• Prioritization: Competing priorities within school budgets and administrative focus.

Strategies for Successful Implementation

Effective strategies include:

• Policy support: Advocate for government policies and regulations that promote sustainable architecture by engaging with policymakers and participating in public consultations. Ensure that your projects adhere to existing sustainability guidelines and work towards influencing new regulations. ‍
• Financial incentives: Seek out grants, tax breaks, and funding opportunities specifically for decarbonization projects by researching available programs and applying for them. Collaborate with financial institutions to develop innovative funding models that make sustainable projects more accessible. ‍
• Community engagement: Educate the community about the benefits of decarbonization by organizing workshops, seminars, and information sessions. Involve local residents in the planning and implementation process to build support and foster a sense of ownership. ‍
• Sustainability programs: Develop and implement comprehensive sustainability programs within your organization or community that include clear goals, timelines, and metrics for success. Regularly assess and update these programs to reflect new technologies and best practices in sustainability.

These strategies are essential for overcoming barriers and ensuring the successful implementation of decarbonization projects.

Case Study:  Upper Dublin School District:  

An EF-2 tornado severely damaged the Upper Dublin School District, impacting an elementary school and parts of the high school. ICS, a Legence Company, was initially tasked with rebuilding the damaged section under an insurance claim. Subsequently, the idea of CMTA, also a Legence Company, renovating the remaining half to create a fully integrated and upgraded elementary school was proposed.  

The district needed a rapid and comprehensive solution to address overcrowding caused by the displacement of students. The decision hinged on speed, accountability, and expertise. The unique integrated offices of ICS and CMTA delivered holistic solutions in planning, design, and execution, meeting all decision-making criteria.  

CMTA's expertise in geothermal systems was pivotal, and the district applied for additional IRA funding for this renewable technology. The success of the integrated approach led the district to engage the team for additional phases, upgrading two other elementary schools while construction was ongoing for Phase 1. This integrated method not only facilitated the insurance claim project but also maximized the opportunity to enhance the entire school infrastructure cohesively.

Case Study: Loudoun County Public Schools ESPC

In 2020, Loudoun County Public Schools (LCPS) in Virginia partnered with CMTA to improve ventilation and energy efficiency in six schools using Energy Savings Performance Contracting (ESPC).  

The project, completed in 2022, included replacing outdated HVAC systems with geothermal heat pumps and enhancing building envelopes. The 609,435 square foot project achieved annual carbon reductions of 897 MTCO2E and actual savings of $154,668, far exceeding the guaranteed $46,654.  

Despite supply chain challenges, the project was completed within a tight 9-week summer break. It resulted in improved indoor air quality, energy efficiency, and substantial cost savings for LCPS.

Future Trends and Innovations

Emerging technologies and trends in sustainable architecture promise to further drive building decarbonization. Smart building technologies including IoT-based energy management systems and automated building controls, are optimizing energy use in real time. In addition, advanced energy storage solutions like grid-integrated battery systems and vehicle-to-grid technology are making it easier to create energy efficient and healthy buildings. The role of architects, engineers, and urban planners will be crucial in shaping the future of decarbonization in the built environment.

Conclusion

Decarbonizing the aging infrastructure of K-12 schools is a vital step towards reducing carbon emissions of existing and outdated buildings and combating climate change. Sustainable architecture plays a crucial role in achieving these goals by integrating energy-efficient designs and clean energy solutions. Stakeholders in urban development must embrace these practices to create cost-effective, sustainable, and healthy environments for future generations. The path forward requires collaboration, innovation, and a commitment to decarbonization solutions for long-term sustainability.

The importance of decarbonization in aging buildings cannot be overstated. By focusing on sustainable architecture and retrofits to improve building efficiency, we can achieve significant emissions reductions in K-12 schools and create better learning environments for generations to come  

Get in touch

‍